Periodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry focused on preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases that affect the gums and supporting structures of the teeth, collectively known as the periodontium. This includes conditions such as gingivitis and periodontitis, which can lead to gum inflammation, tissue damage, bone loss, and tooth loss if left untreated.
The importance of periodontics lies in its role in preserving and maintaining the health of the gums and supporting structures, which are essential for overall oral health and the longevity of the dentition. By providing comprehensive periodontal care, including preventive measures, non-surgical treatments, and surgical interventions when necessary, periodontal specialists help patients achieve healthy gums, a strong foundation for their teeth, and improved oral function and aesthetics.
What is Periodontal Disease?
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It begins with the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, on the teeth and along the gumline.
When plaque is not removed through proper oral hygiene practices, it can harden into tartar (calculus), which harbors even more bacteria and irritates the gums. This bacterial buildup triggers an immune response, leading to inflammation of the gums (gingivitis). If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that destroys gum tissue and the bone supporting the teeth.
The Symptoms of Periodontal Disease
Red, Swollen, or Tender Gums
One of the early signs of periodontal disease is gum inflammation, also known as gingivitis. Inflamed gums may appear red, swollen, and tender to the touch. Healthy gums should have a pinkish color and firm texture. If your gums are red, swollen, or painful, it could indicate gingivitis and the need for prompt dental attention.
Bleeding Gums
Bleeding gums, especially when brushing or flossing, are a common symptom of gum disease. Healthy gums should not bleed during routine oral hygiene practices. If you notice blood on your toothbrush or floss, it may indicate gum inflammation or infection. It's essential to address bleeding gums promptly to prevent further damage to the gums and supporting structures of the teeth.
Persistent Bad Breath
Halitosis, or persistent bad breath, is another common symptom of periodontal disease. Bacteria in the mouth release foul-smelling gases as they metabolize food particles and debris, leading to chronic bad breath. While occasional bad breath is normal, persistent halitosis that does not improve with oral hygiene measures may indicate an underlying problem with gum health and should be evaluated by a dental professional. Contact us today to learn more!
Receding Gums
As periodontal disease progresses, the gums may begin to recede or pull away from the teeth, exposing the tooth roots. Receding gums can make the teeth appear longer and create gaps between the teeth, increasing the risk of tooth sensitivity and decay. If you notice that your gums are receding or that your teeth appear longer than usual, it could be a sign of advanced gum disease and should be addressed promptly.
Treatment Options for Periodontal Disease
Non-Surgical Treatment Options
Professional Dental Cleanings
Scaling and root planing is a standard non-surgical treatment for periodontal disease. During this procedure, our dentist in Elmwood Park, IL, carefully removes plaque and tartar buildup from the teeth and below the gumline using specialized instruments. The roots of the teeth are then smoothed (root planing) to prevent bacteria from reattaching to the surfaces. This deep cleaning helps to reduce inflammation, remove bacteria, and promote gum healing.
Antibiotic Therapy
Antibiotics may be prescribed in addition to scaling and root planing to help eliminate bacteria and control infection in the gum pockets. Antibiotics may be administered orally, topically (as mouth rinses), or as locally delivered agents placed directly into the gum pockets.
Surgical Treatment Options
Flap Surgery
Flap surgery is used to access and clean the roots of the teeth and remove diseased tissue from deep gum pockets. During the procedure, the gums are gently lifted back (creating a flap) to allow the dentist at John J. Cravatta, D.D.S., to access and thoroughly clean the root surfaces. The gums are then repositioned and sutured into place, reducing the depth of the gum pockets and facilitating better oral hygiene.
Bone Grafting
In cases where periodontal disease has caused significant bone loss around the teeth, bone grafting may be necessary to regenerate lost bone tissue and support the teeth. During the bone grafting procedure, bone graft material is placed into the affected areas to stimulate new bone growth and restore bone volume. This augmentation creates a stable foundation for dental implants, which are artificial tooth roots placed into the jawbone to support replacement teeth.
Gum Grafting
Gum grafting, also known as soft tissue grafting, is a surgical procedure used to repair receding gums and improve gum aesthetics. During a gum grafting procedure in Elmwood Park, IL, gum tissue is taken from another area of the mouth or a donor source and transplanted to the areas of gum recession. This helps to cover exposed tooth roots, reduce sensitivity, and protect against further gum recession.
Periodontal disease is a severe oral health condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent its progression and associated complications. If you suspect you may have gum disease or are experiencing symptoms such as bleeding gums or gum recession, visit John J. Cravatta, D.D.S., at 7310 W North Ave, Ste. 2E, Elmwood Park, IL 60707, or call (708) 453-5360 to book your consultation and take the first step towards healthier gums and a brighter, more confident smile!